Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is the only vitamin containing metal elements. Vitamin B12 is a red crystalline powder, odorless and tasteless, slightly soluble in water and ethanol. Higher animals and plants cannot produce vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 in nature is synthesized by microorganisms.

Vitamin B12 is the only vitamin that needs the help of intestinal secretions (endogenous factors) to be absorbed. It participates in the production of bone marrow red blood cells, prevents pernicious anemia, and prevents brain nerves from being damaged.

Cyanocobalamin is a water- soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of blood. It is one of the eight B vitamins. It is normally involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body, especially affecting DNA synthesis and regulation, but also fatty acid synthesis and energy production. Neither fungi, plants, nor animals are capable of producing vitamin B12. Only bacteria and archaea have the enzymes required for its synthesis, although many foods are a natural source of B12 because of bacterial symbiosis. The vitamin is the largest and most structurally complicated vitamin and can be produced industrially only through bacterial fermentation-synthesis.

1) Vitamin B12 can resistance to fatty liver, promote storage of vitamin A in liver
2) Vitamin B12 Promote cell mature and body metabolism.
3) Vitamin B12 participates in the manufacturing of bone marrow RBC ,so it can be the treatment of pernicious anemia.
4) Vitamin B12 increases folic acid utilization rate, promote carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism
5) Vitamin B12 can promote methyl transferase
6) Vitamin B12 can Promote the development and maturation of red blood cells, so that the body hematopoietic function in a normal state, the prevention of pernicious anemia; maintain a healthy nervous system
7) Vitamin B12 has the function of activate amino acids and promote the biosynthesis of nucleic acids, can promote protein synthesis,it plays an important role for growth and development of infants and young children
8) Vitamin B12 can metabolize fatty acids and make fat, carbohydrates, protein can be properly used by body.
9) Vitamin B12 can eliminate irritability and help to keep concentration, enhance memory and sense of balanc
10)Vitamin B12 is a indispensable vitamins to keep nervous system function completed and participate in developing a kind of lipoprotein in nerve tissue.

1) Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin. The term vitamin B12 includes the free vitamin (cyanocobalamin) and two coenzymes methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin.
2) Vitamin B12 is released from dietary proteins by pepsin and HCl in the stomach. Unlike other water-soluble vitamins, vitamin B12 is stored in the human body. The body stores between 5 and 12 mg of vitamin B12, primarily in the liver and kidneys, and excesses are excreted by way of kidney or in bile.
3) Vitamin B12 is essential for two types of enzymatic reactions in humans; methyl group transfer and transfer of a hydrogen atom from one carbon to an adjacent carbon atom.
4) Vitamin B12 deficiencies manifest primarily as anemia and neurologic changes, although a deficiency of this vitamin inhibits DNA synthesis, which affects growth and repair of all cells. Pernicious anemia is a form of megaloblastic anemia caused by either inadequate vitamin
5) Vitamin B12 intake or reduced gastric secretion of intrinsic factor, which inhibits absorption.Neurologic changes due to vitamin B12 deficiency can occur in the absence of any hematologic abnormalities. Depending on the duration of symptoms, neurologic
complications of vitamin B12 deficiency may or may not be reversible following treatment.